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63
Eu
151.96
Europium |
Appearance & Characteristics | Reactions |
Other Forms Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
General:
| Name: Europium | Symbol: Eu |
| Group: Rare Earth | Atomic weight: 151.96 |
| Density @ 293 K: 5.259 g/cm3 | Atomic volume: 28.9 cm3/mol |
| Group: Rare Earth | Discovered: 1901 |
States
| State (s, l, g): solid | |
| Melting point: 1095 K (822 oC) | Boiling point: 1802 K (1529 oC) |
| Heat of fusion: 9.210 kJ/mol | Heat of vaporization: 143.50 kJ/mol |
Energies
| 1st ionization energy: 546.7 kJ/mole | |
| Electronegativity: 1.12 | 2nd ionization energy: 1085 kJ/mole |
| Electron affinity: 50 kJ/mole | 3rd ionization energy: 2405 kJ/mole |
| Specific heat: 0.18 J/gK | Heat atomization: 178 kJ/mole atoms |
Oxidation & Electrons
| Shells: 2,8,18,25,8,2 | Electron configuration: [Xe] 4f7 6s2 |
| Minimum oxidation number: 0 | Maximum oxidation number: 3 |
| Min. common oxidation no.: 0 | Max. common oxidation no.: 3 |
Appearance & Characteristics
| Structure: bcc: body-centered cubic | Color: silvery-white |
| Uses: alloys, Color TV phosphor | Toxicity: |
| Hardness: mohs | Characteristics: hard |
Reactions
| Reaction with air: vigorous, => Eu2O3 | |
| Reaction with 6 M HCl: mild, => H2, EuCl3 | Reaction with 6 M HCl: mild, => H2, EuCl3 |
| Reaction with 15 M HNO3: mild, => Eu(NO3)3 | Reaction with 6 M NaOH: |
Other Forms
| Number of isotopes: 2 | Hydride(s): EuH2 |
| Oxide(s): Eu2O3 | Chloride(s): EuCl2 EuCl3 |
Radius
| Ionic radius (2- ion): pm | Ionic radius (1- ion): pm |
| Atomic radius: 208 pm | Ionic radius (1+ ion): pm |
| Ionic radius (2+ ion): 131 pm | Ionic radius (3+ ion): 108.7 pm |
Conductivity
| Thermal conductivity: 13.9 J/m-sec-deg | |
| Electrical conductivity: 11 1/mohm-cm | Polarizability: 27.7 A^3 |
Abundance
| Source: Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite | |
| Rel. abund. solar system: -1.012 log | Abundance earth's crust: 0.1 log |
| cost, pure: 3600 $/100g | cost, bulk: $/100g |
