|
65
Tb
158.9254
Terbium |
Appearance & Characteristics | Reactions |
Other Forms Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
General:
| Name: Terbium | Symbol: Tb |
| Group: Rare Earth, Lanthanides | Atomic weight: 158.9254 |
| Density @ 293 K: 8.27 g/cm3 | Atomic volume: 19.2 cm3/mol |
| Group: Rare Earth, Lanthanides | Discovered: 1843 |
States
| State (s, l, g): solid | |
| Melting point: 1633.2 K | Boiling point: 3073 K |
| Heat of fusion: 10.80 kJ/mol | Heat of vaporization: 330.90 kJ/mol |
Energies
| 1st ionization energy: 564.7 kJ/mole | |
| Electronegativity: 1.21 | 2nd ionization energy: 1112 kJ/mole |
| Electron affinity: 50 kJ/mole | 3rd ionization energy: 2114 kJ/mole |
| Specific heat: 0.18 J/gK | Heat atomization: 389 kJ/mole atoms |
Oxidation & Electrons
| Shells: 2,8,18,27,8,2 | Electron configuration: [Xe] 4f9 6s2 |
| Minimum oxidation number: 0 | Maximum oxidation number: 4 |
| Min. common oxidation no.: 0 | Max. common oxidation no.: 3 |
Appearance & Characteristics
| Structure: hcp: hexagonal close pkd | Color: silvery-white |
| Uses: alloys | Toxicity: |
| Hardness: mohs | Characteristics: soft |
Reactions
| Reaction with air: vigorous, => Tb4O7 (approx.) | |
| Reaction with 6 M HCl: mild, => H2, TbCl3 | Reaction with 6 M HCl: mild, => H2, TbCl3 |
| Reaction with 15 M HNO3: mild, => Tb(NO3)3 | Reaction with 6 M NaOH: |
Other Forms
| Number of isotopes: 1 | Hydride(s): TbH2 TbH3 |
| Oxide(s): TbO2 Tb4O7 | Chloride(s): TbCl3 |
Radius
| Ionic radius (2- ion): pm | Ionic radius (1- ion): pm |
| Atomic radius: 177 pm | Ionic radius (1+ ion): pm |
| Ionic radius (2+ ion): pm | Ionic radius (3+ ion): 106.3 pm |
Conductivity
| Thermal conductivity: 11.1 J/m-sec-deg | |
| Electrical conductivity: 8.8 1/mohm-cm | Polarizability: 25.5 A^3 |
Abundance
| Source: Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite | |
| Rel. abund. solar system: -1.220 log | Abundance earth's crust: 0 log |
| cost, pure: 1800 $/100g | cost, bulk: $/100g |
