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Oxidation & Electrons | Appearance & Characteristics Reactions | Compounds | Radius | Conductivity Abundance & Isotopes 
Neon gas spells "open" with the help of a few thousand volts |
General:
| Name: Neon | Symbol: Ne |
| Type: Noble Gas | Atomic weight: 20.179 |
| Density @ 293 K: 0.0009 g/cm3 | Atomic volume: 16.7 cm3/mol |
| Discovered: Neon was discovered in 1898 by William Ramsay and Morris Travers during experiments with liquid air. The name comes from the Greek word 'neon', meaning new. | |
States
| State (s, l, g): gas | |
| Melting point: 24.53 K (-248.57 oC) | Boiling point: 27.1 K (-246.0 oC) |
Energies
| Specific heat capacity: 0.904 J g-1 K-1 | Heat of atomization: 0 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of fusion: 0.3317 kJ mol-1 | Heat of vaporization: 1.7326 kJ mol-1 |
| 1st ionization energy: 2080.6 kJ mol-1 | 2nd ionization energy: 3952.2 kJ mol-1 |
| 3rd ionization energy: 6121.9 kJ mol-1 | Electron affinity: kJ mol-1 |
Oxidation & Electrons
| Shells: 2,8 | Electron configuration: [He] 2s2 2p6 |
| Minimum oxidation number: 0 | Maximum oxidation number: 0 |
| Min. common oxidation no.: 0 | Max. common oxidation no.: 0 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling Scale): | Polarizability volume: 0.396 Å3 |
Appearance & Characteristics
| Structure: fcc: face-centered cubic | Color: Colorless |
| Hardness: mohs | |
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Harmful effects:
Neon is not known to be toxic. Characteristics: Neon is a light, very inert gas. Colorless under normal conditions, its glows a reddish-orange in a vacuum discharge tube. Neon forms no known stable compounds. It has the smallest liquid range of any element (2.6 oC). Uses: When a few thousand volts is applied to neon, it emits an orange/red light. It is therefore often used in brightly lit advertising signs. Neon is also used in high-voltage warning indicators, in Geiger counters and in television tubes. Liquid neon is used as a cryogenic refrigerant. |
Reactions
| Reaction with air: none | Reaction with 6 M HCl: none |
| Reaction with 15 M HNO3: none | Reaction with 6 M NaOH: none |
Compounds
| Oxide(s): none | Chloride(s): none |
| Hydride(s): none |
Radius
| Atomic radius: 38 pm | Ionic radius (1+ ion): pm |
| Ionic radius (2+ ion): pm | Ionic radius (3+ ion): pm |
| Ionic radius (2- ion): pm | Ionic radius (1- ion): pm |
Conductivity
| Thermal conductivity: 0.05 W m-1 K-1 | Electrical conductivity: S cm-1 |
Abundance & Isotopes
| Abundance earth's crust: 5 parts per billion by weight, 5 parts per billion by moles | |
| Abundance solar system: 1,000 ppm by weight, 70 ppm by moles | |
| Cost, pure: $33 per 100g | |
| Cost, bulk: $ per 100g | |
| Source: Neon is obtained commercially by fractional distillation of liquid air. | |
| Isotopes: Neon has 14 isotopes whose half-lives are known, with mass numbers 16 to 29. Of these, three are stable: 20Ne, 21Ne and 22Ne. | |
