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42
Mo
95.94
Molybdenum |
Appearance & Characteristics | Reactions |
Other Forms Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
General:
| Name: Molybdenum | Symbol: Mo |
| Group: Trans. Met. | Atomic weight: 95.94 |
| Density @ 293 K: 10.2 g/cm3 | Atomic volume: 9.4 cm3/mol |
| Group: Trans. Met. | Discovered: 1781 |
States
| State (s, l, g): solid | |
| Melting point: 2890.2 K | Boiling point: 4923 K |
| Heat of fusion: 32.0 kJ/mol | Heat of vaporization: 598.0 kJ/mol |
Energies
| 1st ionization energy: 684.9 kJ/mole | |
| Electronegativity: 2.24 | 2nd ionization energy: 1588.2 kJ/mole |
| Electron affinity: 72 kJ/mole | 3rd ionization energy: 2620.5 kJ/mole |
| Specific heat: 0.25 J/gK | Heat atomization: 658 kJ/mole atoms |
Oxidation & Electrons
| Shells: 2,8,18,13,1 | Electron configuration: [Kr] 4d5 5s1 |
| Minimum oxidation number: -2 | Maximum oxidation number: 6 |
| Min. common oxidation no.: 0 | Max. common oxidation no.: 6 |
Appearance & Characteristics
| Structure: bcc: body-centered cubic | Color: silvery-white |
| Uses: catalysts, tool steel | Toxicity: |
| Hardness: mohs | Characteristics: very hard |
Reactions
| Reaction with air: none, w/ht => MoO3 | |
| Reaction with 6 M HCl: none | Reaction with 6 M HCl: none |
| Reaction with 15 M HNO3: | Reaction with 6 M NaOH: |
Other Forms
| Number of isotopes: 7 | Hydride(s): none |
| Oxide(s): MoO2 MoO3 | Chloride(s): MoClx [x=2-6] |
Radius
| Ionic radius (2- ion): pm | Ionic radius (1- ion): pm |
| Atomic radius: 139 pm | Ionic radius (1+ ion): pm |
| Ionic radius (2+ ion): pm | Ionic radius (3+ ion): 83 pm |
Conductivity
| Thermal conductivity: 138 J/m-sec-deg | |
| Electrical conductivity: 192.308 1/mohm-cm | Polarizability: 12.8 A^3 |
Abundance
| Source: Molybdenite (sulfide) | |
| Rel. abund. solar system: 0.407 log | Abundance earth's crust: 0.2 log |
| cost, pure: 11 $/100g | cost, bulk: $/100g |
