{"id":630,"date":"2012-05-31T15:10:31","date_gmt":"2012-05-31T15:10:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/?page_id=630"},"modified":"2017-12-07T02:08:58","modified_gmt":"2017-12-07T07:08:58","slug":"tennessine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/tennessine.html","title":{"rendered":"Tennessine Element Facts"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"insidepagelinks\">\n<a href=\"#data\">Data Zone<\/a> |  <a href=\"#discovery\">Discovery<\/a> |  <a href=\"#facts\">Facts<\/a> | <a href=\"#appear\">Appearance &amp; Characteristics<\/a> | <a href=\"#uses\">Uses<\/a> | <a href=\"#abund\">Abundance &amp; Isotopes<\/a>  | <a href=\"#refer\">References<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"unnamedT\">\n<div class=\"atnorT\">117<\/div>\n<div class=\"clearT\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elnamT\">Ts<\/div>\n<div class=\"atweiT\"> (294)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The chemical element tennessine is classed as a halogen. It was discovered in 2009 by a team of scientists led by Yuri Oganessian.<\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"adsense300\">\n<div class=\"adsense300spacer\">\n<div style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/\/www.chemicool.com\/ad.png\"\/>\n<\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:inline-block;width:336px;height:280px\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-9461632227417539\" data-ad-slot=\"3265846807\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"data\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Data Zone<\/h2>\n<table class=\"datatop\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Classification:<\/td>\n<td>  Tennessine is a halogen (presumed)   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Color:<\/td>\n<td>  <!-- paste over me --> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Atomic weight:<\/td>\n<td>  (294), no stable isotopes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">State:<\/td>\n<td>   solid (presumed)  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Melting point:<\/td>\n<td>   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Boiling point:<\/td>\n<td>     <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Electrons:<\/td>\n<td>117<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Protons:<\/td>\n<td>117<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Neutrons in most abundant isotope:<\/td>\n<td>177<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Electron shells:<\/td>\n<td>   2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 7  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Electron configuration:<\/td>\n<td>    [Rn] 5f<sup>14<\/sup> 6d<sup>10<\/sup> 7s<sup>2<\/sup> 7p<sup>5<\/sup> (presumed)   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<span class=\"collapseomatic \" id=\"id6a5f52925dd9a\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Show more, including: Heats, Energies, Oxidation,&lt;br \/&gt; Reactions, Compounds, Radii, Conductivities\"    >Show more, including: Heats, Energies, Oxidation,<br \/> Reactions, Compounds, Radii, Conductivities<\/span><div id=\"target-id6a5f52925dd9a\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<table class=\"datatop\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Specific heat capacity<\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Heat of fusion<\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Heat of atomization<\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Heat of vaporization<\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">1<sup>st<\/sup> ionization energy<\/td>\n<td> &#8211;    <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">2<sup>nd<\/sup> ionization energy<\/td>\n<td> &#8211;   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">3<sup>rd<\/sup> ionization energy<\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Electron affinity<\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Minimum oxidation number<\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Min. common oxidation no.<\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Maximum oxidation number <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Max. common oxidation no. <\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Electronegativity (Pauling Scale) <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Polarizability volume <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Reaction with air<\/td>\n<td> &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Reaction with 15 M HNO<sub>3<\/sub> <\/td>\n<td> &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Reaction with 6 M HCl <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Reaction with 6 M NaOH <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Oxide(s) <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Hydride(s) <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Chloride(s) <\/td>\n<td>  &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Atomic radius <\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Ionic radius (1+ ion) <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Ionic radius (2+ ion) <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Ionic radius (3+ ion) <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Ionic radius (1- ion) <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Ionic radius (2- ion) <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Ionic radius (3- ion) <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Thermal conductivity <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Electrical conductivity <\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Freezing\/Melting point:<\/td>\n<td>  &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"leftimagepadding\">\n<div style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chemicool.com\/elements\/images\/300-ununseptium.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"158\" alt=\"Tennessine\" class=\"size-full\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Six atoms of tennessine have been detected. Image Courtesy: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cma-AjOUplU?rel=0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div class=\"youtubecaption\">An animation showing how tennessine was synthesized. From Kwei-Yu Chu of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.<\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/images\/300-u400-dubna.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"160\" alt=\"The cyclotron at Dubna\" class=\"size-full\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">The heavy ion cyclotron U-400 in Dubna, where tennessine was synthesized.<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/images\/300-element-118.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"158\" alt=\"deformations and shapes of the heaviest elements\" class=\"size-full\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">A combination of experiments and computer simulations enable predictions to be made of deformations and shapes of the heaviest elements in and beyond the current periodic table. Photo: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ornl.gov\/info\/press_releases\/get_press_release.cfm?ReleaseNumber=mr20050217-00\">ORNL<\/a>.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<a id=\"discovery\"><\/a>\t<\/p>\n<h2>Discovery of Tennessine<\/h2>\n<div class=\"author\">Dr. Doug Stewart<\/div>\n<p>    In 2009, the first atoms of element 117 were made in the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions in Dubna, Russia. Evidence of the synthesis was published in April 2010, by scientific teams from Russia and the United States of America. <sup>(1), (2)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\t\tThe research effort, led by Yuri Oganessian, was a collaboration between the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research (Dubna, Russia); the Research Institute for Advanced Reactors, Dimitrovgrad; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Vanderbilt University, Tennessee; and the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.<\/p>\n<p>\t\tFurther experiments and analysis later confirmed this result and the discovery was verified by IUPAC in 2015. <\/p>\n<p>\t\tThe element is named after the Tennessee region, in recognition of the contribution institutions from that American State played in superheavy element research. <\/p>\n<p>  \tTennessine was made by a fusion reaction of element 20 with element 97: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/calcium.html\">calcium-48<\/a> with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/berkelium.html\">berkelium-249<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\t\tIn the first synthesis of tennessine, calcium ions were formed into a beam in a cyclotron (a particle accelerator) and fired at a target layer of berkelium deposited 300 nm thick on <a href=\"titanium.html\">titanium<\/a> foil.<\/p>\n<p>\t  The first bombardment lasted 70 days. The berkelium was bombarded with over 7 trillion calcium-48 ions per second, accelerated to about 10% of the speed of light.<\/p>\n<p>\t\tThe data showed five nuclei of interest were produced during the 70 day bombardment. As a consequence of the high energy of the impacts that created them, these nuclei instantly lost thermal energy by emitting four neutrons to form tennessine-293. <\/p>\n<p>\t\tThe tennessine-293 (approximate half-life 14 ms) decayed by alpha emission into element 115 (moscovium). <sup>(2), (3)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\t In a second bombardment lasting 50 days, the speed of the bombarding calcium-48 ions was reduced. The resulting impacts were of lower energy and the single nucleus of interest that formed needed to emit just three neutrons to lose its excess energy, leading to the heavier tennessine-294 isotope. The data showed one atom of tennessine-294 (approximate half-life 78 ms) was formed in the bombardment, decaying again to element 115.<\/p>\n<p>\t\tAs a result of its position in Group 17 of the periodic table, tennessine is expected to have chemical properties characteristic of the halogens. The effects of relativistic electrons, however, may result in partial metalloid properties.<\/p>\n<p>   Too little of the element has been synthesized for its chemical properties to be confirmed.<\/p>\n<p>\t\tJim Roberto from Oak Ridge said: &#8220;New isotopes observed in these experiments continue a trend toward higher lifetimes for increased neutron numbers, providing evidence for the proposed &#8216;island of stability&#8217; for super-heavy nuclei.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\t\t IUPAC has accepted the discoveries of:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <a href=\"ununtrium.html\">element 113 <\/a> (nihonium) <\/li>\n<li>\t\t <a href=\"ununquadium.html\">element 114 <\/a> (flerovium) <\/li>\n<li>\t\t <a href=\"ununpentium.html\">element 115 <\/a> (moscovium) <\/li>\n<li>\t\t <a href=\"ununhexium.html\">element 116 <\/a> (livermorium) <\/li>\n<li>\t\t element 117 (tennessine)<\/li>\n<li>\t\t <a href=\"ununoctium.html\">element 118 <\/a> (oganesson)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t\t completing the seventh row of the periodic table. \t<\/p>\n<p>     <a id=\"appear\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Appearance and Characteristics<\/h3>\n<p>  <strong>Harmful effects:<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p>\t \tTennessine is harmful due to its radioactivity.  <\/p>\n<p>\t  <strong>Characteristics:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\t\tTennessine is a synthetic radioactive metal and has only been produced in minute amounts.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t<a id=\"uses\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Uses of Tennessine<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t Tennessine is of research interest only.<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"abund\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Abundance and Isotopes<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"elemgl\">Abundance earth&#8217;s crust:<\/span>  nil<\/p>\n<p>\t\t<span class=\"elemgl\">Abundance solar system:<\/span>  parts per trillion by weight,  parts per trillion by moles<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elemgl\">Cost, pure:<\/span>  $ per 100g<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elemgl\">Cost, bulk:<\/span>  $ per 100g<\/p>\n<p>\t\t<span class=\"elemgl\">Source:<\/span> Tennessine can be produced by bombarding <sup>249<\/sup>Bk with <sup>48<\/sup>Ca in a heavy ion accelerator. <\/p>\n<p>\t\t<span class=\"elemgl\">Isotopes:<\/span> Initial data has identified 2 isotopes of tennessine, with mass numbers 293 and 294. Neither are stable.  Tennessine-293&#8217;s approximate half-life is 14 ms and tennessine-294&#8217;s is 78 ms.<\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both;line-height:2px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"max-width:750px;\">\n<div style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/\/www.chemicool.com\/ad.png\"\/>\n<\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-9461632227417539\" data-ad-slot=\"8753977201\" data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t<a id=\"refer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>References<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2010, 104, 142502, 4 pages. <\/li>\n<li>Office of Science, <a href=\"http:\/\/science.energy.gov\/stories-of-discovery-and-innovation\/127004\/\">Nations Work Together to Discover New Element,.<\/a> <\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.armenianweekly.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/04\/For-press-Z117.pdf\">Press Release<\/a> The Armenia Weekly.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a id=\"Cite\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Cite this Page<\/h4>\n<p>For online linking, please copy and paste one of the following:<\/p>\n<pre class='code'>\r\n&lt;a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/ununseptium.html\"&gt;Tennessine&lt;\/a&gt;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>or<\/p>\n<pre class='code'>\r\n&lt;a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/ununseptium.html\"&gt;Tennessine Element Facts&lt;\/a&gt;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>To cite this page in an academic document, please use the following MLA compliant citation:<\/p>\n<pre class='code'>\r\n\"Tennessine.\" Chemicool Periodic Table. Chemicool.com. 14 Jun. 2016. Web. <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\r\n<!--\r\nvar currentTime = new Date()\r\nvar month = currentTime.getMonth() + 1\r\nvar day = currentTime.getDate()\r\nvar year = currentTime.getFullYear()\r\ndocument.write(month + \"\/\" + day + \"\/\" + year)\r\n\/\/-->\r\n<\/script> \r\n&lt;https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/ununseptium.html&gt;.<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Data Zone | Discovery | Facts | Appearance &amp; Characteristics | Uses | Abundance &amp; Isotopes | References 117 Ts (294) The chemical element tennessine is classed as a halogen. It was discovered in 2009 by a team of scientists led by Yuri Oganessian. Data Zone Classification: Tennessine is a halogen (presumed) Color: Atomic weight: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":{"0":"post-630","1":"page","2":"type-page","3":"status-publish","5":"entry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=630"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/630\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4328,"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/630\/revisions\/4328"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}