{"id":563,"date":"2012-05-30T12:07:28","date_gmt":"2012-05-30T12:07:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/?page_id=563"},"modified":"2017-12-07T02:07:40","modified_gmt":"2017-12-07T07:07:40","slug":"dubnium","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/dubnium.html","title":{"rendered":"Dubnium Element Facts"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"insidepagelinks\">\n<a href=\"#data\">Data Zone<\/a> |  <a href=\"#discovery\">Discovery<\/a> |  <a href=\"#facts\">Facts<\/a> | <a href=\"#appear\">Appearance &amp; Characteristics<\/a> | <a href=\"#uses\">Uses<\/a> | <a href=\"#abund\">Abundance &amp; Isotopes<\/a>  | <a href=\"#refer\">References<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tmetalsT\">\n<div class=\"atnorT\">105<\/div>\n<div class=\"clearT\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elnamT\">Db<\/div>\n<div class=\"atweiT\">(268)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The chemical element dubnium is classed as a transition metal. It was discovered in 1970 by a team of scientists led by Georgy Flerov.<\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"adsense300\">\n<div class=\"adsense300spacer\">\n<div style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/\/www.chemicool.com\/ad.png\"\/>\n<\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:inline-block;width:336px;height:280px\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-9461632227417539\" data-ad-slot=\"3265846807\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"data\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Data Zone<\/h2>\n<table class=\"datatop\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Classification:<\/td>\n<td> Dubnium is a transition metal  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Color:<\/td>\n<td>   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Atomic weight:<\/td>\n<td> 268, no stable isotopes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">State:<\/td>\n<td>   solid (presumed)  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Melting point:<\/td>\n<td>  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Boiling point:<\/td>\n<td>    <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Electrons:<\/td>\n<td>105<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Protons:<\/td>\n<td>105<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Neutrons in most abundant isotope:<\/td>\n<td>163<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Electron shells:<\/td>\n<td>   2,8,18,32,32,11,2  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Electron configuration:<\/td>\n<td>   [Rn] 5f<sup>14<\/sup> 6d<sup>3<\/sup> 7s<sup>2<\/sup>        <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Density @ 20<sup>o<\/sup>C:<\/td>\n<td>     <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<span class=\"collapseomatic \" id=\"id6a218c644f4dc\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Show more, including: Heats, Energies, Oxidation,&lt;br \/&gt; Reactions, Compounds, Radii, Conductivities\"    >Show more, including: Heats, Energies, Oxidation,<br \/> Reactions, Compounds, Radii, Conductivities<\/span><div id=\"target-id6a218c644f4dc\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<table class=\"datatop\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Atomic volume:<\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;    <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Structure:<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Hardness: <\/td>\n<td> &#8211;   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Specific heat capacity<\/td>\n<td> &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Heat of fusion<\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Heat of atomization<\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Heat of vaporization<\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">1<sup>st<\/sup> ionization energy<\/td>\n<td> &#8211;   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">2<sup>nd<\/sup> ionization energy<\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">3<sup>rd<\/sup> ionization energy<\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Electron affinity<\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Minimum oxidation number<\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Min. common oxidation no.<\/td>\n<td> &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Maximum oxidation number <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Max. common oxidation no. <\/td>\n<td>  &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Electronegativity (Pauling Scale) <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Polarizability volume <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Reaction with air<\/td>\n<td> &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Reaction with 15 M HNO<sub>3<\/sub> <\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Reaction with 6 M HCl <\/td>\n<td> &#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Reaction with 6 M NaOH <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Oxide(s) <\/td>\n<td>&#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Hydride(s) <\/td>\n<td> &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Chloride(s) <\/td>\n<td>  &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Atomic radius <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Ionic radius (1+ ion) <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Ionic radius (2+ ion) <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Ionic radius (3+ ion) <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Ionic radius (1- ion) <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Ionic radius (2- ion) <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Ionic radius (3- ion) <\/td>\n<td>   &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Thermal conductivity <\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\"> Electrical conductivity <\/td>\n<td>  &#8211;  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"elemglb\">Freezing\/Melting point:<\/td>\n<td> &#8211; <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"leftimagepadding\">\n<div style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/images\/300-u400-dubna.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"160\" alt=\"The cyclotron at Dubna\" class=\"size-full\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Part of the heavy ion cyclotron U400 in Dubna, Russia. Image by Jim Roberto, Oak Ridge National Laboratory<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<a id=\"discovery\"><\/a>\t<\/p>\n<h2>Discovery of Dubnium<\/h2>\n<p>    Credit for the discovery of dubnium is shared between teams of scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at Dubna, Russia and scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California.<\/p>\n<p>In 1968, the team in Russia led by Georgy Flerov bombarded an americium-243 target with neon-22 ions and synthesized isotopes of element 105, identified as <sup>260<\/sup>Db or <sup>261<\/sup>Db. The experiment was repeated a year later using gradient thermochromatography for more precise identification of the isotopes formed.  Synthesis of <sup>260<\/sup>Db was confirmed in 1970.  <\/p>\n<p>The Dubna team proposed calling the new element neilsbohrium (Ns) after the Nobel Prize winning physicist Niels Bohr.<\/p>\n<p>In 1970, the team in California led by Albert Ghiorsio also attempted to synthesize element 105. They had no success with repeating the Russian experiment but they successfully synthesized element 105 by bombarding a californium-249 target with nitrogen-15 ions. <\/p>\n<p>They suggested the name hahnium (Ha) for the new element, after the Nobel Prize winning chemist Otto Hahn. <\/p>\n<p>The Council of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) decided in 1997 that transactinide element 105 should be given the name Dubnium (Db) after the research facility in Russia where it was synthesized.<\/p>\n<p>     <a id=\"appear\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Appearance and Characteristics<\/h3>\n<p> <strong>Harmful effects:<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p>\t \tDubnium is harmful due to its radioactivity. <\/p>\n<p>\t  <strong>Characteristics:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dubnium is a  transactinide or super-heavy element.<\/p>\n<p>It is a radioactive synthetic metal and has only been produced in tiny amounts.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t<a id=\"uses\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Uses of Dubnium<\/h2>\n<p>\t\tDubnium is of research interest only.<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"abund\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Abundance and Isotopes<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"elemgl\">Abundance earth&#8217;s crust:<\/span> nil<\/p>\n<p>\t\t<span class=\"elemgl\">Abundance solar system:<\/span>    parts per billion by weight,   parts per trillion by moles<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elemgl\">Cost, pure:<\/span> $ per 100g<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elemgl\">Cost, bulk:<\/span> $  per 100g<\/p>\n<p>\t\t<span class=\"elemgl\">Source:<\/span> Dubnium is a synthetic radioactive metal, created by nuclear bombardment, and has only been produced in tiny amounts. Dubnium is made by bombarding <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/californium.html\">californium-249<\/a> with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/nitrogen.html\">nitrogen<\/a>. It can also be produced by bombarding <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/americium.html\">americium-243<\/a> with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/neon.html\">neon<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t<span class=\"elemgl\">Isotopes:<\/span> Dubnium has 12 isotopes whose half-lives are known, with mass numbers from 256 to 270. None are stable. The most stable isotope is <sup>268<\/sup>Db, with a half-life of 32 hours.<\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both;line-height:2px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"max-width:750px;\">\n<div style=\"line-height:10px;\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/\/www.chemicool.com\/ad.png\"\/>\n<\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-9461632227417539\" data-ad-slot=\"8753977201\" data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t<a id=\"refer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>References<\/h4>\n<p><a id=\"Cite\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Cite this Page<\/h4>\n<p>For online linking, please copy and paste one of the following:<\/p>\n<pre class='code'>\r\n&lt;a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/dubnium.html\"&gt;Dubnium&lt;\/a&gt;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>or<\/p>\n<pre class='code'>\r\n&lt;a href=\"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/dubnium.html\"&gt;Dubnium Element Facts&lt;\/a&gt;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>To cite this page in an academic document, please use the following MLA compliant citation:<\/p>\n<pre class='code'>\r\n\"Dubnium.\" Chemicool Periodic Table. Chemicool.com. 18 Jun. 2015. Web. <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\r\n<!--\r\nvar currentTime = new Date()\r\nvar month = currentTime.getMonth() + 1\r\nvar day = currentTime.getDate()\r\nvar year = currentTime.getFullYear()\r\ndocument.write(month + \"\/\" + day + \"\/\" + year)\r\n\/\/-->\r\n<\/script> \r\n&lt;https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/dubnium.html&gt;.<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Data Zone | Discovery | Facts | Appearance &amp; Characteristics | Uses | Abundance &amp; Isotopes | References 105 Db (268) The chemical element dubnium is classed as a transition metal. It was discovered in 1970 by a team of scientists led by Georgy Flerov. Data Zone Classification: Dubnium is a transition metal Color: Atomic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":{"0":"post-563","1":"page","2":"type-page","3":"status-publish","5":"entry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=563"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/563\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4224,"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/563\/revisions\/4224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chemicool.com\/elements\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}