The basis of impedance spectroscopy is that the response of an electrochemical cell to ac signals of different frequencies could also have been obtained by applying the signals to a real electric circuit – known as the equivalent circuit. The equivalent circuit is constructed from circuit elements such as resistors and capacitors.
From the arrangement of circuit elements in the equivalent circuit analysts can draw inferences about the electrochemistry taking place in the electrochemical cell. From the numerical values of the resistors and capacitors needed to produce a response like the actual electrochemical cell, the analyst can deduce the numerical values of electrochemical properties.
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