atomic theory

[jinzen]

This was an assignment given to us about atomic theory. The questions are in quotes and my answers/query are below the quotes.

Construct a periodic table for these people on a different planet. Their atomic theory is the same as ours except that their spin quantum numbers are +1/2, 0 and -1/2 and their magnetic quantum numbers take the values 0, 1, 2, ... L

So... our spin quantum numbers are +1/2 and -1/2 and magnetic quantum numbers would be: L=0 m0 = 0, L=1 m1= -1,0,+1 etc. right?

a) Everything else, including the ordering and naming of the orbitals will be the same. Only their spin quantum numbers and magnetic quantum numbers are different.

The only thing i don't get is how the magnetic quantum numbers are different than ours? Is it not the same? Or does the spin quantum numbers affect it? How so?

b) Use atomic numbers instead of symbols and go as far as element 35

Yup, done that. I made a quick one:
http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v6...iodictable.jpg

Is that corrrect? (argg some of the lines disappeared o_o)

c) What are the atomic numbers of their first three noble gases?

2, 10, 18

d) What is the electron config of their elemt 24?

This i'm not so sure of, since i don't understand their spin quantum numbers. By +1/2, 0, -1/2... does tha "0" mean there can be a orbital that can be empty?

So... 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3s9 ???

Thanks, I really appreciate the help to pointing out my errors ^^

[RobJim]

Our spin QNs are +1/2 and -1/2, yes. Our magnetic quantum numbers are the integers from -l to l. There are two kinds of m; ml, which is the magnetic QN, and ms which is the spin QN.

The magnetic QNs are different because ours go from -l to l, giving us 2l+1 MQNs (or orbitals with the same l values), and theirs go from 0 to l, giving them l+1 MQNs (or orbitals with the same l values).

This i'm not so sure of, since i don't understand their spin quantum numbers. By +1/2, 0, -1/2... does tha "0" mean there can be a orbital that can be empty?

I think the point is that instead of two electrons fitting in a single orbital by the Pauli exclusion principle, three can.

Here's element 24 in this other universe:

1s3 2s3 2p6 3s3 3p6 4s3

The atomic numbers of the first three noble gases would be 3, 12, 21.

The idea you're supposed to be learning is that the number of possible spin quantum numbers equals the maximum number of electrons in an orbital, and the number of possible magnetic quantum numbers equals the maximum number of orbitals of the same principal quantum number n and azimuthal quantum number l (or letter - s, p, d,...)

In our universe we can have two electrons per orbital and 2l+1 orbitals of the same n and l values, while the other universe would have three electrons and l+1 orbitals. So, one s, two p, three d for the other universe.

Does that clear things up?

[Mitch]

I'm glad you answered him, he's been posting that question all over the internet.

Hmmmm..... The forum seems to be double posting messages.

[jinzen]

Originally Posted by Mitch

I'm glad you answered him, he's been posting that question all over the internet.

LOL ^^; sorry. I figured if i posted it on different forums i could get a answer sooner than the other and a better response vs. the other.

Originally Posted by RobJim

Does that clear things up?

YESS!! It does!! Thank you sooo much!! Just a few questions tho...

So, one s, two p, three d for the other universe.

So, say for 3l = f has 7 orbitals... in their universe it would be 4 orbitals in theirs? because of l+1. You just basically add one to the before orbital.

The periodic table i quickly constructed, is that correct? I'm not so sure anymore because when you named the first three noble gases, got me thinking hmm.. that it would be arranged differently, but yea i understand now why those numbers are in the same family.

Would the number of having a full orbital (eight) be the same as ours? Just curious, i also need to find numbers that belong in the same famililes.

---end--- The double posting is making things @_@ but if you read the message below the reply thingy, it clears up ^^

[RobJim]

Originally Posted by Mitch

Hmmmm..... The forum seems to be double posting messages.

I know. It's also not adding the signatures. I tried checking into it but no luck yet.

[jinzen]

did you not see my reply, RobJim o_o I still had some questions

[RobJim]

No, your periodic table is not correct. Your s-block should have 3 elements per period, for one thing. Do you understand what I mean by that?

So, say for 3l = f has 7 orbitals... in their universe it would be 4 orbitals in theirs? because of l+1. You just basically add one to the before orbital.

Correct.

Would the number of having a full orbital (eight) be the same as ours?

Nope. First of all, in our universe a full orbital has two electrons. I think you mean a full energy level in our universe has eight electrons, as long as it's not the first one (which holds two) and d and f orbitals aren't taken into consideration for the higher ones.

The reason there are eight electrons is that there are four orbitals in the energy level - one s and three p - and each holds two electrons. In this alternate universe, there are different numbers of s and p orbitals, and each orbital holds a different number of electrons. That should be enough information for you to figure out how to put together the alternate universe periodic table.

[jinzen]

Ohhh i see :o I'll fix that right up.

Thanks again!!